Module 2: Python Syntax, Comments & Variables

Learning Objectives

By the end of this module, learners will be able to:

• Understand Python syntax rules
• Write readable code using comments
• Create and use variables
• Follow proper variable naming conventions

Lesson Content

1. Understanding Python Syntax

Syntax means rules of the language.

Python rules are simple:

• Code is read from top to bottom
• Indentation (spaces) matters

Example:

print(“Python is easy”)

2. Comments in Python

Comments explain code and are ignored by Python.

# This is a comment

print(“Hello”) # This prints text

Why comments matter:

• Help beginners understand code
• Useful for future learning

3. What are Variables?

Variables store data in memory.

Think of a variable as a labeled box.

age = 18

name = “Ali”

Here:

• age stores a number
• name stores text

4. Variable Naming Rules

✅ Allowed:

• Letters, numbers, underscores
• Start with a letter or underscore

❌ Not allowed:

• Spaces
• Starting with a number

Good examples:

student_name = “Sara”

total_marks = 85

5. Using Variables in Programs

name = “Sara”

print(name)

Python reads the variable and prints its value.

Hands-on Exercises

1. Create variables for your name and age
2. Print both values
3. Change the values and re-run